Agrometeorological Conditions and Agroclimatic Trends for the Maize and Wheat Crops in the Balkan Region

The Balkan peninsula is a transitional zone, in terms of bioclimatic conditions, with an extended and dynamic agricultural sector. Its potential peril due to climate change socioeconomic factors. To assess evaluate the agrometeorological conditions related trends which affect widely cultivated wheat maize, big dataset high spatiotemporal analysis was utilized. thermal indices Growing Degree Days (GDD) Heat Stress Index (HSI) along main frost parameters (frost days, last spring frost, first autumn free days) were calculated over ten countries for 42 years on daily basis grid 25 × km. results indicate clear cultivations’ expansion ability northern areas, higher altitudes increased risk heat caused plants’ injuries. indices’ maize cultivation are always positive (Maize: GDD 7.26–11.05 units/yr, HSI 0.52–3.51 units/yr Wheat: 7.2–12.7 0.22–1.77 units/yr). (FFD) season getting longer (trend −0.04 0.34 d/yr) because earlier delayed frost. consist spatial temporal illustrations, summary statistics probability density plots entire study area per country.